Microsoft SharePoint Vulnerabilities Actively Exploited in the Wild
A sophisticated attack chain targeting Microsoft SharePoint has recently come to light, with confirmed active exploitation of both a network spoofing and a remote code execution vulnerability. Security advisories highlight the urgent need for patching, as attackers are using this vector to escalate privileges and potentially gain full access to organizational SharePoint environments.
Technical Details of Vulnerabilities
The attack chain involves two distinct Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs):
- CVE-2025-49706: This is a network spoofing vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate trust boundaries and potentially inject malicious traffic into workflows that depend on network identity. By spoofing trusted origins, attackers can masquerade as legitimate service components within SharePoint environments.
- CVE-2025-49704: A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability that enables adversaries to execute arbitrary code remotely against unpatched SharePoint servers. Once the spoofing vulnerability has been exploited to gain initial access or bypass controls, the RCE flaw is used to take full control of the target system.
Attackers are chaining these flaws to breach SharePoint defenses, gaining a foothold for lateral movement or exfiltration of sensitive corporate data.
Scope of Exploitation and Mitigation Actions
Security agencies emphasize that these vulnerabilities are being actively exploited in the wild, targeting both public and private sector organizations. Microsoft has released detailed guidance and patches; administrators are strongly advised to:
- Immediately apply the latest available security updates for SharePoint.
- Audit SharePoint access logs for suspicious activity, particularly failed authentication attempts and privilege escalations.
- Review and restrict trusted network sources to decrease spoofing risks.
- Implement least-privilege controls and network segmentation to limit blast radius in the event of compromise.
Implications for Enterprise Security
Given the widespread adoption of SharePoint as a collaborative document and workflow tool, exploitation of these vulnerabilities could lead to substantial disruptions, data breaches, or supply chain risks if exploited at scale. The attack chain illustrates the importance of swift vulnerability management processes and layered network defenses. Security teams are also encouraged to participate in information-sharing efforts to stay ahead of rapidly advancing exploitation trends.
